What does the supremacy clause establish?

The supremacy clause, found in Article VI, Clause 2 of the U.S. Constitution, establishes that the Constitution, along with federal laws and treaties established under its authority, constitutes the supreme law of the land. This means that when there is a conflict between federal law and state law, federal law prevails. This ensures a cohesive legal framework across the United States and reinforces the idea that the Constitution is the ultimate legal authority.

This principle is crucial for maintaining a uniform legal system within the country and preventing states from enacting laws that could undermine federal policies or obligations. It reaffirms the federal government's supremacy in areas where it is constitutionally authorized to act, promoting consistency and stability in the legal landscape. By establishing this hierarchy, the supremacy clause helps prevent legal fragmentation and ambiguity, ensuring that all citizens are subject to the same overarching legal standards regardless of their state of residence.