What is the main purpose of federalism?

The main purpose of federalism is to balance power between national and state governments. This system of governance allows both levels of government to have distinct powers and responsibilities, ensuring that no single entity has complete control over all matters. By distributing power, federalism fosters cooperation and allows for diversity in law-making and policy implementation that reflects the needs and preferences of different states and their populations. This balance is crucial in preventing the concentration of authority that can lead to tyranny or despotism, which makes federalism particularly significant in protecting individual liberties and promoting democratic participation. Through this division, federalism supports a system of checks and balances, vital for a functioning democracy.