What is the process called when the Senate holds a trial for impeached officials?

The process in which the Senate holds a trial for impeached officials is known as an impeachment trial. This is a specific constitutional procedure outlined in Article I of the U.S. Constitution. When the House of Representatives votes to impeach an official, the case is then sent to the Senate, where senators act as jurors. During the trial, evidence is presented, and testimonies may be heard, leading to a final vote on whether to remove the official from office.

This procedure is distinct from arraignment, which pertains to criminal proceedings in the judicial system, and is not relevant to the impeachment process. Judicial review refers to the Supreme Court's power to evaluate the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions, while a legislative session refers to the period during which a legislature meets to conduct its business, which does not specifically involve the trial of impeached officials. Thus, the term "impeachment trial" accurately describes the unique legislative process that occurs in the Senate following an impeachment by the House.