What principle allows citizens to propose legislation in Arizona?

The principle that allows citizens to propose legislation in Arizona is direct democracy. This system empowers the electorate to have a direct role in governance by enabling them to introduce and vote on laws and constitutional amendments without needing to go through the traditional legislative process.

In Arizona, this is facilitated through mechanisms such as the initiative process, which allows citizens to gather signatures and place proposed laws directly on the ballot for public vote. This not only enhances civic engagement but also ensures that the legislative process is responsive to the will of the people. This participatory approach is fundamental to state governance and exemplifies how direct democracy operates at the state level, contrasting with systems where legislative power rests solely with elected representatives or appointed officials.

The other options do not pertain to citizen-driven legislative proposals: constitutional monarchy refers to a system where a monarch's powers are regulated by a constitution, the electoral college is a mechanism for electing the president, and judicial review involves the court's power to invalidate laws that conflict with the Constitution.