What principle ensures that no one is above the law?

The principle that ensures no one is above the law is the rule of law. This foundational concept is essential in a democratic society, asserting that laws apply equally to all individuals, regardless of status, power, or position. It promotes fairness and justice by ensuring that everyone, including government officials, must abide by the law. This principle prevents arbitrary governance and abuses of power, thereby fostering accountability within all layers of authority.

While separation of powers establishes distinct branches of government to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful, and checks and balances allow for each branch to monitor the others, neither of these concepts alone guarantees the equal application of laws to all individuals. Federalism, which refers to the division of authority between national and state governments, also does not directly address the notion of legal equality. Therefore, the rule of law stands out as the principle that explicitly emphasizes the obligation of all individuals to adhere to established laws, reinforcing the idea that no one is exempt from legal accountability.