What term refers to the powers specifically listed in the U.S. Constitution?

The term that refers to the powers specifically listed in the U.S. Constitution is referred to as enumerated powers. These powers are expressly granted to the federal government through specific articles and sections of the Constitution, particularly in Article I, Section 8. Enumerated powers clearly outline the responsibilities and authority of Congress, such as the power to levy taxes, regulate commerce, and declare war.

This concept is key in understanding the structural framework of the U.S. government, as it delineates the specific areas in which the federal government may operate, preventing any overreach beyond what has been expressly stated. This principle also plays a significant role in constitutional law and debates surrounding federalism, highlighting the balance of power between the federal and state governments. Recognizing enumerated powers is crucial for understanding the limits of governmental authority as set by the Constitution.