When does the term for members of the House and Senate begin?

The term for members of the House and Senate begins on January 3rd. This date is established by the 20th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which was ratified in 1933. The amendment specifies that Congress's annual sessions commence on January 3rd, unless they set a different day by law. This timing allows newly elected representatives and senators to take their seats and begin their legislative responsibilities shortly after their election in November. Choosing January 3rd as the official start date facilitates a structured beginning for Congress and aligns with the electoral cycle.