Which amendment to the Constitution guarantees freedom of speech?

The First Amendment to the Constitution is the one that guarantees freedom of speech. Ratified in 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights, the First Amendment explicitly protects several fundamental rights, including the freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition. This amendment establishes a cornerstone of American democracy by ensuring that individuals have the right to express their thoughts and opinions without fear of government censorship or punishment.

The significance of the First Amendment lies in its role in fostering a free and open society, where ideas can be freely exchanged and debated. This protection is vital for the functioning of a democratic government, where public discourse is essential for informed citizen participation. Freedoms of speech and expression allow for dissent and criticism of government actions, thereby promoting accountability and transparency.

In contrast, the Second Amendment addresses the right to bear arms, the Fifth Amendment includes protections against self-incrimination and guarantees due process, and the Eighth Amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment. While each of these amendments plays a critical role in safeguarding individual liberties and rights, it is the First Amendment that specifically enshrines the right to freedom of speech.