Which body is primarily responsible for proposing amendments to the U.S. Constitution?

The body primarily responsible for proposing amendments to the U.S. Constitution is Congress. This process is outlined in Article V of the Constitution, which establishes the methods for amending the document. Specifically, for an amendment to be proposed, it requires either a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or a convention called by two-thirds of the state legislatures, though the latter method has never been used.

While the President can influence the process through initiatives or by advocating for specific amendments, the formal authority to propose changes lies solely with Congress. The Supreme Court, on the other hand, is primarily responsible for interpreting the Constitution and does not play a role in proposing amendments. Therefore, Congress is the correct choice as the body empowered to initiate constitutional amendments.